【074】词根词缀专栏[51-100]@柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典（第8版）
2017-02-25作者：GoldenDict
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[*]词根 = root = word root
[*]词缀 = affix = 前缀（prefix） + 后缀（suffix）
柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典（第8版）root
► The root of a word is the part that contains its meaning and to which other parts can be added. 词根【TECHNICAL 术语】
» The word ‘secretary’ comes from the same Latin root as the word ‘secret’. 单词 secretary 和 secret 有同样的拉丁词根。
affix
► An affix is a letter or group of letters, for example ‘un-‘ or ‘-y’, which is added to either the beginning or the end of a word to form a different word with a different meaning. For example, ‘un-‘ is added to ‘kind’ to form ‘unkind’. 词缀
prefix
► A prefix is a letter or group of letters, for example ‘un-‘ or ‘multi-‘, which is added to the beginning of a word in order to form a different word. For example, the prefix ‘un-‘ is added to ‘happy’ to form ‘unhappy’. 前缀
suffix
► A suffix is a letter or group of letters, for example ‘-ly’ or ‘-ness’, which is added to the end of a word in order to form a different word, often of a different word class. For example, the suffix ‘-ly’ is added to ‘quick’ to form ‘quickly’. 后缀;词尾搜索各大英语词典，发现几乎没有词典收录 word root 这个词头 ，倒是有收录 root word 的。Collins English Dictionary + 新世纪英汉大词典root word (ruːt wɜːd)
noun
linguistics【语言】
► the form of a word after all affixes are removed 词根WordNetroot word
► the form of a word after all affixes are removed奇怪的是，Collins English Dictionary 的 root word 定义和 WordNet 一模一样，我倾向于 CED 借鉴了 WordNet ，因为 CED 2006 年版本都还没收录 root word 条，而当时 WordNet 早就有了。接下来是第 51 - 100 个词根词缀专栏@柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典（第8版），有朋友评论说这 @ 用得不对，应该用 in ，╮(╯-╰)╭ 确实，不过 @ 作为一个符号，视觉效果更好。Oxford Chinese Dictionaryin
(within enclosed space) 在…里 (within flat space) 在…上 (within sth. abstract) 在…中
• in the dictionary/newspaper/film 在词典里/报纸上/电影中
[*]aqu ≈ water水: aquarium, aqueduct, aquifer
[*]arium, orium ≈ place for用于…之处: aquarium, auditorium, crematorium
[*]cracy ≈ rule by由…统治: aristocracy, democracy, meritocracy
[*]crat ≈ power权力: aristocrat, bureaucrat, democrat
[*]ful ≈ quantity that fills充满…的量: armful, brimful, cupful
[*]cle ≈ small小: article, cubicle, particle
[*]fact, fic ≈ making制作: artifact, artificial, factor
[*]scend ≈ climbing攀登: ascend, condescend, descend
[*]cert ≈ determined 坚定,true真实: ascertain, certificate, certify
[*]spir ≈ breath呼吸: aspire, inspire, respiration
[*]simil ≈ similar类似: assimilate, facsimile, simile
[*]soci ≈ companion同伴: associate, social, sociology
[*]sume ≈ taking取: assume, consume, presume
[*]sumpt ≈ taking取: assumption, consumption, presumption
[*]aster, astro ≈ star星: asterisk, astronaut, astronomy
[*]er, or ≈ one who does 行…事者,that which does做…事之物: astronomer, author, writer
[*]the, theo ≈ god神: atheist, pantheism, theocracy
[*]sphere ≈ ball球: atmosphere, hemisphere, spherical
[*]tempt ≈ trying试: attempt, temptation, tempted
[*]tribute ≈ giving给予: attribute, contribute, distribute
[*]eer ≈ one who does行…事者: auctioneer, mountaineer, volunteer
[*]ible ≈ able to be能…的；可…的: audible, flexible, possible
[*]audi ≈ hearing听: audience, audition, auditorium
[*]vid, vis ≈ seeing视；看见: audio-visual, videotape, visible
[*]graph ≈ writing写作: autograph, biography, graph
[*]auto ≈ self自己: automatic, automobile, autonomy
[*]mobil ≈ moving移动: automobile, mobile, mobilize
[*]mot ≈ moving移动: automotive, motivate, promote
[*]able ≈ able to be能…的；可…的: avoidable, incurable, portable
[*]wak ≈ being awake醒: awake, wake, wakeful
[*]ness ≈ state 状态,condition情况: awareness, consciousness, kindness
[*]war ≈ watchful注意的: aware, beware, forewarn
[*]some ≈ causing引起…的: awesome, bothersome, troublesome
[*]ground ≈ bottom底: background, groundbreaking, groundwork
[*]ward ≈ in the direction of朝（或在）…方向: backward, forward, inward
[*]ery ≈ place where something happens…发生处: bakery, cannery, eatery
[*]ball ≈ dancing舞蹈: ballerina, ballet, ballgown
[*]base ≈ bottom底: base, baseboard, basement
[*]less ≈ without无: baseless, bottomless, boundless
[*]ful ≈ filled with充满…的: beautiful, careful, dreadful
[*]stead ≈ place 地方,stand架子: bedstead, homestead, instead
[*]mark ≈ boundary 界限,sign标志: benchmark, birthmark, bookmark
[*]vol ≈ will意愿: benevolent, involuntary, volition
[*]bi ≈ two二；两: biannual, biceps, bicycle
[*]cycl ≈ circle圆: bicycle, cycle, cyclical
[*]enn ≈ year年: biennial, centennial, millennium
[*]lingu ≈ language语言: bilingual, linguist, multilingual
[*]bio ≈ life生命；生物: biodegradable, biography, biology
[*]ist ≈ one who practices从事…者: biologist, conformist, pharmacist
[*]smith ≈ skilled worker铁匠: blacksmith, goldsmith, silversmith
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